Section 1 of 8Overview
Overview
Noopept, also called omberacetam or GVS-111, is a synthetic prolylglycine derivative. It is often called a peptide or dipeptide, but PubChem classifies a defined small molecule. The evidence base combines animal work with a few small or open clinical reports, mostly published in Russian.
Low-certainty human evidence
Published human signals are not equivalent to replicated randomized evidence, and they do not establish broad cognitive enhancement.
Section 2 of 8Identity and chemistry
Identity and chemistry
| Property | Verified value |
|---|---|
| PubChem CID | 180496 |
| Molecular formula | C17H22N2O4 |
| Molecular weight | 318.4 g/mol |
| CAS number | 157115-85-0 |
The chemical name is N-phenylacetyl-L-prolylglycine ethyl ester. This identity distinguishes the molecule from endogenous peptides and from unrelated products sold under nootropic labels.
Section 3 of 8Proposed mechanisms
Proposed mechanisms
Rat studies reported changes in hippocampal NGF and BDNF messenger RNA after administration. Mouse and cell models have examined memory, amyloid-related endpoints, oxidative stress and cholinergic effects. These are mechanistic hypotheses from models; they do not establish the mechanism or magnitude of effect in humans.
Section 4 of 8Human evidence
Human evidence
A 2008 Russian-language clinical report described EEG changes in patients with cognitive symptoms of vascular or post-traumatic origin. A later open prospective report enrolled 60 post-stroke patients and reported improved cognitive-test results after two months relative to controls. The abstract describes an open design, limited reporting and surrogate outcomes. These limitations make the findings preliminary and difficult to generalise.
Section 5 of 8Evidence-integrity note
Evidence-integrity note
A 2021 PubMed record concerning Noopept’s antioxidant effects is marked retracted. It is retained in the references solely as an integrity warning and is not used to support efficacy or mechanism. Retraction screening matters because citation count alone can otherwise exaggerate the evidence base.
Section 6 of 8Clinical and regulatory context
Clinical and regulatory context
This review does not establish an FDA or EMA marketing authorisation. Regional availability or historical use cannot be translated into global approval, and the cited human papers do not provide the evidence package expected for a modern broad indication.
Section 7 of 8Safety and dosing
Safety and dosing
Long-term human safety, interaction risk and adverse-event incidence remain insufficiently characterised in the reviewed sources. One open study used 20 mg daily for two months, but that is a study method, not a regulator-approved or general regimen.
No established dose
The page intentionally does not convert exploratory study exposure into self-use guidance.
Section 8 of 8Evidence conclusion
Evidence conclusion
Noopept has more than purely animal evidence, but the human layer is small, open and incompletely reported. Better controlled, independently replicated trials with transparent safety reporting are needed before clinical cognitive claims can be considered reliable.